The San Jose, a ship lost for centuries with a treasure trove of £16bn worth of gold and emeralds, has been found in the Caribbean Sea. This discovery has sparked an international dispute over ownership of the galleon, which sank in 1708 after an attack by the Royal Navy off the coast of Colombia.
The wreck of the San Jose was discovered in 2015 at a depth of 600 meters. Researchers used sonar images to identify bronze cannons, weapons, ceramics, and other artifacts among its cargo, with a focus on the valuable gold. High-resolution pictures revealed coins on the sea floor, providing crucial insights into the ship’s history and sinking.
The identification of the wreck as the San Jose has reignited the debate over ownership. Spain, the original owner, considers it a state ship and prohibits commercial exploitation of its remains. Colombia, where the wreck lies, has suggested that Spain relinquish its claim, a move that has raised concerns.
A lawyer representing three South American indigenous communities has requested UNESCO and Spain declare the San Jose as “common and shared heritage” to benefit these communities. The indigenous groups claim their ancestors mined metals for the ship’s cargo in what is now Bolivia, under Spanish control at the time.
The ongoing dispute over the ownership and heritage of the San Jose highlights the complex legal and ethical issues surrounding sunken treasure and historical artifacts.
